Gamification
Gamification is the use of game thinking and game mechanics in non-game contexts to engage users in solving problems. Gamification has been studied and applied in several domains, such as to improve user engagement, physical exercise, return on investment, data quality, timeliness, and learning. A review of research on gamification shows that most studies on gamification find positive effects from gamification …

Split-Apply-Combine Strategy
In a split-apply-combine strategy you break up a big problem into manageable pieces, operate on each piece independently and then put all the pieces back together. …

Weighted Sigmoid Gate Unit (WiG)
An activation function has crucial role in a deep neural network. A simple rectified linear unit (ReLU) are widely used for the activation function. In this paper, a weighted sigmoid gate unit (WiG) is proposed as the activation function. The proposed WiG consists of a multiplication of inputs and the weighted sigmoid gate. It is shown that the WiG includes the ReLU and same activation functions as a special case. Many activation functions have been proposed to overcome the performance of the ReLU. In the literature, the performance is mainly evaluated with an object recognition task. The proposed WiG is evaluated with the object recognition task and the image restoration task. Then, the expeirmental comparisons demonstrate the proposed WiG overcomes the existing activation functions including the ReLU. …

Big Data
“Big Data” is the term for a collection of data sets so large and complex that it becomes difficult to process using on-hand database management tools or traditional data processing applications. The challenges include capture, curation, storage, search, sharing, transfer, analysis and visualization. …