In signal detection theory, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC), or simply ROC curve, is a graphical plot which illustrates the performance of a binary classifier system as its discrimination threshold is varied. It is created by plotting the fraction of true positives out of the total actual positives (TPR = true positive rate) vs. the fraction of false positives out of the total actual negatives (FPR = false positive rate), at various threshold settings. TPR is also known as sensitivity or recall in machine learning. The FPR is also known as the fall-out and can be calculated as one minus the more well known specificity. The ROC curve is then the sensitivity as a function of fall-out. In general, if both of the probability distributions for detection and false alarm are known, the ROC curve can be generated by plotting the Cumulative Distribution Function of the detection probability in the y-axis versus the Cumulative Distribution Function of the false alarm probability in x-axis. (see also https://rocr.bioinf.mpi-sb.mpg.de/) … Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC Curve)